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KMID : 0381120070290040465
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Genes and Genomics
2007 Volume.29 No. 4 p.465 ~ p.472
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The Phylogenetic Relationship and Genetic Diversity of Genus Malus in East Asia
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Huh Man-Kyu
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Abstract
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Genus Malus is a long-lived woody species primarily distributed throughout Asia. Many species of this genus are regarded as agriculturally and ecologically important. The phylogenetics and genetic diversity among eight species of genus Malus were reconstructed using the ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeats) markers. Overall, 82 fragments were generated among the tested Malus array. The M. pumila showed the highest variation (57.3%). Mean number of alleles per locus (A) ranged from 1.415 to 1.573 with a mean of 1.489. The phenotypic frequency of each band was calculated and used in estimating genetic diversity (H) within species. The mean H was 0.194 across species, varying from 0.164 to 0.217. In particular, both cultivated species, M. pumila and M. asiatica, had high expected diversity. On a per locus basis, the proportion of total genetic variation due to differences among species ranged from 0.274 for ISSR-05 to 0.818 for ISSR-09 with a mean of 0.310, indicating that about 31% of the total variation was among species. In an assessment of the proportion of diversity present within species, 69% of genetic variation resided within taxa. The phylogenic tree showed three distinct clades. One includes M. pumila and M. asiatica. Another includes three M. baccata taxa. The other includes M. sieboldii, M. floribunsa and M. micromalus. Species-specific bands which showed in only one species are useful in germ-plasm classification and evolutionary studies.
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KEYWORD
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genus Malus, ISSR, Phylogenetic relationships
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